Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost every person at least once in his life faced with one of its manifestations. More than 100 human papillomaviruses (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and localization: papillomas, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single or multiple. Choosing an effective treatment for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenereologist.
Types of HPV drugs
The drugs used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antivirals.
- Immune stimulants.
- Means for the destruction of neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: sometimes it is difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or condyloma. Next, determine the type of virus using PCR analysis, as some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Anti-papilloma drugs can be used in combination or separately.
antivirals
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have a detrimental effect on the virus, inhibit its reproduction and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations produced in various dosage forms are especially popular: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Generally, local application may be sufficient in single formations.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the procedure of laser therapy, electrocoagulation, after which they ensure high treatment efficiency and prevention of relapses.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against the virus:
- HPV infection with high and potentially high oncological risk confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency states (when the body cannot cope with the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available by prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and can get rid of papillomas?
inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablets. This is one of the most popular treatments for papilloma today. The active ingredient is inosine (purine derivative). It has a complex effect:
- by blocking the enzymes of the virus, causing its death;
- activates the production of interferon;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the formation of inflammatory mediators.
2 tablets are prescribed per day for 2 weeks, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. It can be used in children over 3 years old.
During reception, nausea, headache, exacerbation of gout may occur.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablets. The active ingredient is meglumine acridon acetate. Its mechanism of action is interferon induction.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulator;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on glycosides isolated from nightshade stems
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, gel spray inlay for the treatment of the oral cavity, gel spray intim for the treatment of papillomas on the genitals. The active substance is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
This is a modern remedy against the virus with a wide spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulator,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, 5 times in the next 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed to be used during pregnancy and lactation.
immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Drugs in this group have an immunostimulating effect. Before use, consultation with an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram) are required.
By themselves, immunostimulants are not able to get rid of the external manifestations of the human papillomavirus. But with approved immunodeficiency, they should be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
It is forbidden to use immunostimulants:
- during pregnancy;
- breast-feeding;
- individual intolerance.
It is sold in pharmacies by prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Compositions for destruction of papilloma
Medicines of this group have a direct medicinal effect on the papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which ones are the most popular among doctors and patients and can get rid of HPV-related skin neoplasms?
Freezing medicine
The papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which leads to a violation of blood flow and its necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on sensitive skin areas (face, armpits, intimate areas) and mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. Several formations can be processed in one session. The exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. The fall from the papilloma occurs within 10-14 days. To remove the formation, 1 to 4 procedures are required.
Methacrysol-based drops
Drops for external use with an included applicator. This is a relatively new effective remedy for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is applied very carefully to the elements. If a drop of the solution gets on a healthy surrounding tissue, it should be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, with an interval of several minutes, after the previous layer has dried, larger ones 3-4 times.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in skin folds, interdigital spaces with medication.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital area to a medical professional.
Preparation based on acid mixture
The release form is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local application and a glass capillary for treating large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause chemical burn of tissue, which leads to mummification of the papilloma.
The agent is gently applied to the affected area until it changes color. After the action of this drug on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears on its own after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure should be repeated.
Treatment results
After drug use, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity and the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. Only local effect is possible with single formations in the body. In other cases, its effectiveness is 25-50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best results?
- full diagnosis;
- combined approach to treatment;
- selection of the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful treatment of the papilloma virus is to seek medical help in a timely manner. There are many drugs for papilloma, and in each case, a specialist should determine which one is best for a person.